足籽骨的放射片研究

本文对山东枣庄市916人足放射片进行了足籽骨的观察与测量。发现每足有1-7个籽骨,其中二个者占77.8％,三个者占16.9％;籽骨位于跖骨头下方者占94.5％,位于趾间关节下方者占5.5％;各跖骨头籽骨出现率:Ⅰ占99.9％、Ⅱ占 2.2％、Ⅲ占0.3％、Ⅳ占0.5％、Ⅴ占6.4％;(足母)趾趾间关节籽骨占12.6％;二分及三分籽骨出现率占3.9％,明显低于欧美人。此外,本文认为籽骨是在先天籽骨原基基础上,加以后天运动的影响而形成。     

新疆石河子地区印度麻花叶病植株病毒分离物的鉴定

1984年,从新疆石河子农学院实验站印度麻花叶病植株上,分离到一株病毒分离物Sc-1,经汁液摩擦接种试验表明,它可以侵染10种豆科植物和2种藜科植物。在印度麻、蚕豆、豌豆、箭舌豌豆、扁豆、山藜豆、田菁和红三叶草上引起系统花叶,在豇豆上产生局部枯斑和系统花叶,在苋色藜、昆诺藜上表现为系统黄斑。失毒温度为55～60℃,稀释限点10~(-3)～10~(-4),体外保毒期3～4天。可经汁液和蚜虫传播,不通过种子传毒。病毒粒体为线条状,大小为13～15×750nm。光学显微镜检查可见,病叶表皮细胞内形成不定形的内含体。电镜下可见风轮状、环状内含体。分离物Sc-1与菜豆黄色花叶病毒(BYMV)抗血清呈阳性反应。我们将Sc-1归为菜豆黄色花叶病毒(BYMV),且为豇豆株系。     

Zinc is a constituent of bovine heart cytochrome c oxidase preparations

Cytochrome c oxidase preparations from bovine heart muscle contain 1 zinc per 2 irons. Metal contents of nine preparations determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) show that Cu, Fe and Zn are the only metals present in significant amounts with average Cu/Fe, Fe/Zn, and Cu/Zn atom ratios of 1.3, 2.1 and 2.8, respectively. Removal of adventitious copper results in a Cu:Fe:Zn stoichiometry of 2:2:1. The zinc is tightly bound. Dialysis against a solution of 1,10-phenanthroline at pH 7.4 or an acidic buffer (pH 4.4) does not remove Zn. Dialysis against 0.8 M KCN at pH 10 causes partial loss of both Cu and Zn. This is the first evidence for the presence of Zn in a cytochrome c oxidase.     

Epeiric sedimentation and sea level: synthetic ecostratigraphy

Carbonate strata from the central parts of epicontinental seas are ideal for detailed biostratigraphic study of eustatic sea level change. Using a model for epeiric seas in which carbonate accumulation rate is depth-dependent, we derive synthetic stratigraphies for sea level histories simulating post-glacial transgression and constant and sinusoidally fluctuating ridge volume increase. These sea level histories give distinctively different trends for water depth as a function of stratigraphic position in sections' bathymetric curves. In general, depth is proportional to the rate of sea level rise. Depth-dependent sedimentation leads to a time lag between sea level fluctuation and corresponding depth fluctuation which, as examples show, can approach 10⁶ years for depth fluctuations of only a few meters – a fundamental consideration in reconstructing sea level curves, time-correlating sections by their bathymetric curves, and attempting to relate bathymetric history on continents to mechanisms driving sea level change. Bathymetric curves based on gradient analysis of fossil assemblages (coenocorrelation curves) for Middle Ordovician sections in New York and the American Midwest approximate patterns for sinusoidally increasing sea level. The model's predictions are tested in an ‘artificial experiment’ that takes advantage of differential subsidence between the craton's middle and its edge to make a difference in the bathymetric histories of sections that otherwise record the same sea level history. Depth fluctuations of no more than a few meters over million year spans are potentially useful in time-correlation to within fractions of a cycle's period. The depth-dependence in sedimentation was that, above wave base, net accumulation per year was very roughly three-millionths the water depth. Association of volcanic ash layers with transitory sea level minima on the craton, and with onset of more rapid subduction in the Taconic are - continent collision zone, suggests interrelationship on a million year scale between sea level and large-scale tectonic phenomena.     

Pharmacokinetic study of exogenously administered ß-endorphin using a rapid radioreceptor assay in rats

A rapid radioreceptor assay for measuring ß-endorphin (ß-EP) in unextracted serum has been developed. The method is based upon the inhibition by ß-EP of ³H-naloxone binding to the specific receptors on rat brain membranes, prepared in a stable form of pellets. Effect of serum on the assay was minimized by adding pooled serum to the equal dilution of total serum in the assay mixture. Pharmacokinetic analysis of pharmacologically active ß-EP equivalents (ß-EP eq.) in rats was performed using this method. The serum disappearance of ß-EP eq. after iv administration followed a biexponential decline and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by a two-compartment open model. The half-lives of α-phase and ß-phase were 2.6 ± 0.5 min and 6.2 ± 1.6 hr (mean ± SE; n=6), respectively. The volume of the central compartment (V₁) and that of steady-state (Vd_ss) were 67 ± 16 and 480 ± 75 ml/kg (mean ± SE; n=6), respectively. The total body serum clearance (CL_tot) was 2.1 ± 0.9 ml/min/kg (mean ± SE; n=6). The serum disappearance curve of ß-EP eq. obtained in the present study was similar to that previously reported by Houghten et al. (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. $\text{77}$, 4588–4591 (1980)), in which the disapperance of total radioactivity of tritiated ß-EP in rats was examined.     

G_2期后期染色质结构及染色体高级结构形成的研究

用适量BrdU处理中华大蟾蜍外周血淋巴细胞,能以较高频率得到形态多样的染色质(体)结构。本文以两栖类和人类细胞为材料,采用Feulgen染色、Ag-NOR染色、DAPI荧光染色及放射自显影等方法,证实了其染色质性质,初步讨论了其产生原因,并将其命名为:“G,期后期染色质”。在此基础上,进一步从形态学角度初步分析了从G_2期后期到M期染色质转变为染色体的动态过程,提出不同染色体形成其高级结构是非同步的,有可能存在染色体包裹顺序的设想。     

油菜饼的黄酮成分研究

从油茶饼正丁醇提取物中分离到两个黄酮甙,经UV、~1H NMR、~(13)C NMR、EI-MS、FAB-MS等仪器分析,鉴定为山奈酚-3-O-葡萄吡喃糖基(6→1)鼠李吡喃糖甙(1)和山奈酚-3-O-葡萄吡喃糖基-[(2→1)葡萄吡喃糖基](6→1)鼠李吡喃糖甙(2)。正丁醇提取物以酸水解亦分离到山奈酚(4)。油茶饼正丁醇提取物中还分离到蔗糖,得率达2.3％。     

毛叶丁香罗勒精油的化学成分分析

西双版纳引种栽培的毛叶丁香罗勒精油用Finnigan-4510型毛细管色谱/质谱/计算机联用方法进行了化学成分分析,共分离了26个成分,鉴定了其中的16个成分,占全精油含量的98.5％。主要成分是:丁香酚(80.33％);罗勒烯(12.80％);β-毕橙茄烯(4.24％)。     

似鳡属的系统地位及种的分化(鲤形目:鲤科)

似鳡属(Luciocyprinus Vaillant)是鲤科鱼类中属于鲃系(陈湘粦等,1984)的一个属,下咽齿3行,臀鳍无硬刺,具分枝鳍条5根。过去只记载一个种,外形很像鳡鱼,是由于摄食习性相同而导致的趋同现象(林人端,1981),故称似鳡,在广西俗称墨线鳡,云南俗称杆条鱼。分布于西江水系,包括云南中南部的湖泊,与鳡鱼分布于同一水系,但各占一定的水域,互不重叠。 关于似鳡的拉丁名称,惯用Fustis vivus Lin,是林书颜1932年定的新属新种,